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                  <text>Popular Culture</text>
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                  <text>During the First World War, popular culture documented the events of the war, as well as its lasting effects upon bodies and brains. Films, music, comics, and newspapers all reflected the events of the war, along with major assumptions regarding shellshock as a disability.  This collection organizes popular culture of the First World War as a means of viewing shell-shock.</text>
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      <name>Musical Score</name>
      <description>score, notation, in manuscript or printed form, of a musical work, probably so called from the vertical scoring lines that connect successive related staves. A score may contain the single part for a solo work or the many parts that make up an orchestral or ensemble composition. A full, or orchestral, score shows all the parts of a large work, with each part on separate staves in vertical alignment (though subdivisions of related instruments frequently share a stave), and is for the use of the conductor. (The notation for each performer, called a part, contains only the line or lines he or she is to perform.) Thus, the conductor can see at a glance what each performer should be playing and what the ensemble sound should be. Some conductors prefer to commit the score to memory in order to concentrate entirely on guiding the performance.&#13;
&#13;
The reduction of a full score to fit the scope of the piano is called a piano score. Such a score, especially when it is of a complex piece, is often divided between two pianos. A vocal score, used for large works, such as operas and oratorios, in rehearsal, contains the piano reduction of the orchestral parts, along with the vocal lines indicated separately above the piano.&#13;
&#13;
Citation: Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. "score." Encyclopedia Britannica, September 13, 2017. https://www.britannica.com/art/score-music.</description>
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                <text>The Shell-shock Shake</text>
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                <text>Ragtime score, circa 1919</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This piece of ragtime music satirizes the stereotypic movements of those diagnosed with shellshock. For voice and piano.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The lyrics of this musical arrangement reads thus:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Verse 1:&lt;br /&gt;Over there, somewhere in France, our boys have learned a brand-new dance&lt;br /&gt;everybody gets a thrill, shells start to bursting, you can't sit still- &lt;br /&gt;Dance that causes minds to roam- the question answered just why girls leave home&lt;br /&gt;Now if you give me half a chance, I'm going to tell you 'bout this dance so pretty.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Chorus: &lt;br /&gt;First you start to prancing right and left a-glancing&lt;br /&gt;Grab a gal, don't be a-fraid Just pop wide open like a hand grenade&lt;br /&gt;Feel your nerves a-jumping head begins thumping &lt;br /&gt;Curl up like a rattlesnake and dance the ever-loving shell-shock shake.&lt;br /&gt;Just strut your stuff and dance the shell-shock shake. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Verse 2: &lt;br /&gt;Since this dance has hit the town It made a preacher lay his bible down &lt;br /&gt;everybody large and small started to dancing can't stop at all&lt;br /&gt;It clings it makes you crave and wish and shakes your shoulders like a jellyfish Now &lt;br /&gt;come little children unto me, I have a tale I'll tell to thee, some story.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Chorus: &lt;br /&gt;First you start to prancing right and left a-glancing&lt;br /&gt;Grab a gal, don't be a-fraid Just pop wide open like a hand grenade&lt;br /&gt;Feel your nerves a-jumping head begins thumping &lt;br /&gt;Curl up like a rattlesnake and dance the ever-loving shell-shock shake.&lt;br /&gt;Just strut your stuff and dance the shell-shock shake.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Mikell, F. Eugene, composer, Grey, Joe, 1879-1956, lyricist&#13;
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                <text>https://www.loc.gov/item/2013569542/</text>
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                <text>1919</text>
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                <text>Hell Fighters Band Inc</text>
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                <text>Library of Congress, Music Division.</text>
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                <text>New York City</text>
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                  <text>During the First World War, popular culture documented the events of the war, as well as its lasting effects upon bodies and brains. Films, music, comics, and newspapers all reflected the events of the war, along with major assumptions regarding shellshock as a disability.  This collection organizes popular culture of the First World War as a means of viewing shell-shock.</text>
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      <name>Comics</name>
      <description>According to Scott McCloud, comics are "juxtaposed pictorial and other images in deliberate sequence, intended to convey information and/or to produce an aesthetic response in the viewer" (20). &#13;
Work Cited: &#13;
McCloud, Scott. Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art. Kitchen Sink Press, 1993. </description>
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                <text>Keep smiling! : More news by Liarless for German homes</text>
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                <text>In the 1916 special war edition of Punch Almanack, titled Keep Smiling! More News by Liarless for German Homes, a cartoon by John Hassall satirizes the practice of physical mutilation in order to malinger, with a caption that reads: “Almost the only persons who are making a respectable income in London now are the bone-breakers. Young men are flocking in their thousands to doctors who make a specialty of breaking a leg, or an arm, or even a neck, in order to make them of no use to the press gang.” The accompanying cartoon depicted men leaving a doctor’s office on crutches and bandaged, while in the background, a doctor leans insidiously towards a third man. The sign over the door reads “bones broken while you wait.” While this cartoon is intended as a parody, the draft was in effect by 1916, and men both on the home front and men at the front line found ways to physically injure themselves in order to be sent home or to avoid recruitment. On the front lines, voluntary or involuntary attempts to elude military service presented the threat of treason. </text>
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                <text>Written by Walter Emanual, illustrated by John Hassell</text>
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                <text>https://www.google.com/url?q=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id%3Dnjp.32101062077514%26seq%3D13&amp;amp;sa=D&amp;amp;source=editors&amp;amp;ust=1702077375551439&amp;amp;usg=AOvVaw1Wkz7UOpeofCzMwhDUs2AU</text>
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                <text>The Famous Punch Almanack</text>
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                <text>1916</text>
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                <text>London; Eveleigh Nash, 36 King St, Covent Garden, W.C.</text>
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                <text>The following item shows a pictorial comic, featuring two men standing in the foreground, while the background features a green wall with a black door in it. On the wall, a sign reads, "Bones Broken While You Wait." One man uses crutches, while the other man's arm is in a sling. There are two additional men in the background. One man with a mustache speaks to a man in an elegant hat.</text>
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                <text>Comic, page 13 of a 56 page comic</text>
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